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transient synovitis
Transient synovitis of the hip (also called toxic synovitis; see below for more synonyms) is a self-limiting condition in which there is an inflammation of the inner lining (the synovium) of the capsule of the hip joint. The term irritable hip refers to the syndrome of acute hip pain, joint stiffness, limp or non-weightbearing, indicative of an underlying condition such as transient synovitis or orthopedic infections (like septic arthritis or osteomyelitis). In everyday clinical practice however, irritable hip is commonly used as a synonym for transient synovitis.
Transient synovitis usually affects children between three and ten years old (but it has been reported in a 3-month-old infant and in adults). It is the most common cause of sudden hip pain and limp in young children.〔Scott Moses, MD. "(Transient hip tenosynovitis )". Family practice notebook. Revision of August 9, 2007. Retrieved December 22, 2007.〕 Boys are affected two to four times as often as girls.〔〔(Irritable hip ). General Practice Notebook. Retrieved December 22, 2007.〕 The exact cause is unknown. A recent viral infection (most commonly an upper respiratory tract infection) or a trauma have been postulated as precipitating events, although these are reported only in 30% and 5% of cases, respectively.〔
Transient synovitis is a diagnosis of exclusion.〔 The diagnosis can be made in the typical setting of pain or limp in a young child who is not generally unwell and has no recent trauma. There is a limited range of motion of the hip joint. Blood tests may show mild inflammation. An ultrasound scan of the hip joint can show a fluid collection (effusion). Treatment is with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and limited weight-bearing. The condition usually clears by itself within seven to ten days,〔 but a small group of patients will continue to have symptoms for several weeks. The recurrence rate is 4–17%, most of which is in the first six months.
==Synonyms==
In addition to the terms mentioned above, irritable hip has historically been termed transitory coxitis, coxitis fugax, acute transient epiphysitis, coxitis serosa seu simplex, phantom hip disease and observation hip.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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